The RAP strategy to improve the students reading

The RAP strategy (Schumaker, Denton, and Deshler, 1984) targets the reader's ability to understand
main ideas and supporting details by emphasizing paraphrasing skills. The three-step approach involves
reading, asking questions, and parphrasing.
RAP may be used by students on their own or with the help of facilitators. The approach may be
modified for use in group activities lead by the instructor. Readings from most subject areas are
amenable to the strategy.
In general, RAP is similar in purpose and structure to SQ3R, PQ4R, and other reading comprehension
strategies that focus on how information is organized. RAP, however, lacks the initial surveying and
questioning steps found in other approaches.
Read
One paragraph of the text is read at a time. Reading may be done by the facilitator, but it is more
effective if the student completes the reading. The student may read silently or aloud.
Ask Oneself What the Main Idea Is
The next step involves the reader asking him/herself what the main idea of the paragraph is. He/she
should also identify details supporting the main idea.
Paraphrase
The information is then paraphrased into the reader's own words and recorded on paper or audio tape.
Written material from several paragraphs should be organized using outlines, word maps, matrixes, or
other organizational tools. Paraphrasing is covered in more detail in the Paraphrasing section of the
Writing and Proofing page.

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