IMPROVING STUDENTS’ MOTIVATION THROUGH COLABORATIVE LEARNING STRATEGIES

IMPROVING STUDENTS’ MOTIVATION THROUGH COLABORATIVE LEARNING STRATEGIES

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

1.1.Background of the Study

Most of teacher still focused their teaching activity on the delivery of a curriculum to fulfill their target in teaching and learning process. They feel comfortable if they can teach all of material from curriculum in time. They are rarely thinking to the growth of their students physically and mentally. It is enough for them if the students pay attention to the lesson quietly, work alone, and stop talking. As the result students have traditionally been isolated communicatively and physically.  Teachers have lectured and students have

listened. Teachers-and the textbook-have been the sources of knowledge and authority in the classroom. 

In the traditional model of the classroom, in which the curriculum is presented from a textbook on one instructional level, the motivation students may diminish. Feelings of success and a high motivation in learning only perform by the students who are accustomed to the textbook-oriented. While those who cannot master the textbook will be unmotivated and feel unpretentious. 

The academically talented students may not demonstrate their full academic potential in the classroom. When one instructional level from the curriculum is presented in a classroom, there will be no opportunity for some

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TEACHING STRUCTURE THROUGH GAMES TO THE STUDENTS

TEACHING STRUCTURE THROUGH GAMES TO THE STUDENTS

CHAPTER I 

INTRODUCTION

A.  Background of the Study 

Language is an important device and a very beneficial tool for human being to communicate with other people. By using language, people can talk and understand each other.  They can communicate with other group of people  or nations. A successful communication needs communicative language media (communicative competence) that have rules and norms, which should be carried out in communication. Brown (2000:5) states that language is a system of arbitrary conventionalized vocal, written or gestural symbols that enable members of given community to communicate intelligibly with one another.

Language is systematic and a set of arbitrary symbols. The symbols are primarily vocal, but may also be visual. They have conventionalized meanings to which they refer.  Language is used for communication. It

operates in a speech community or culture. In addition, it is essentially human, although possibly not limited to human. It is acquired by all people in much the same way; both anguage and language learning have universal characteristics.  There are many languages in the world. One of them is English.

English is an International Language, and it is very important nowadays. It is the language of globalization, international communication, commerce and trade. English is a global language, which is spoken by more and more people

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IMPROVING THE STUDENTS READING COMPREHENSION THROUGH QAR IN NARRATIVE MATERIALS (Action Research)

IMPROVING THE STUDENTS READING COMPREHENSION THROUGH QAR IN NARRATIVE MATERIALS (Action Research)

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

A.  Background

Language is a tool of communication. It is used to express ideas, feeling, suggestion, creation, or emotion that will be much easier to express it in our mother tongue. Trouble comes when we are asked to express ourselves in a foreign language. English as an international language has four mayor skills that widely used and spoken all over the world. They are listening, speaking, reading, and writing. In teaching English, the students are encouraged to use English for communication and to read the books and references written in English.

Reading is one of the main skills in English that plays important role. Reading can be defined as an active cognitive  process of  interacting with the print and monitoring comprehension to establish meaning and through reading we can get much knowledge, study new words, comprehend ideas, study

the word are used, how to implement the grammatical rules, and gain the information.

Most of students have many problems in reading book or passage. One of them is to find main idea of the text they read. They can read the words well but they cannot get the main idea. That is why sometimes they feel sleepy in class because they get no any comprehension about the text they read. At the end, they cannot answer the questions based on the text perfectly. This problem occurs because the teacher only asks the students to read the text and answer all the questions without giving any explanation that help the students in comprehending the text well.

It can be seen from Hafsah (2005:35) who stated that the students find some difficulties to comprehend such as they don`t understand the content of the material, what the text about, and they hard to find main idea of every paragraph. And also from the researcher`s experience after taught many students, found that those condition becomes a reason to run the teaching and learning process better in classroom.

Based on the explanation above, the teacher should give more attentions to this problem to increase the student ability in reading comprehension. One of way is using one strategy namely Question Answer Relationship (QAR).

In this strategy, the students are given short passage to be read from the textbook. As finish reading it, they are asked question and point out the differences each question and the kind of answer it requires. The teacher must use questioning in measuring the

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THE DIFFICULTIES OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IN TRANSLATING IDIOMS ENGLISH-INDONESIA (qualitative)

THE DIFFICULTIES OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS IN TRANSLATING IDIOMS ENGLISH-INDONESIA (qualitative)

A.      THE BACKGROUND OF THE RESEARCH

Today in the globalization era, science and technology in the world has grown rapidly in any area of life. Even, we can communicate with others in distance place easily and get nearly all sort of information from all over the world because of the sophisticated technology. To comprehend what has been communicated or informed, we should have good command of the language involved. However, every country all over the world has their own language and rules that differ from one to another. It occurs for all elements of languages: grammar, phonology and semantics. To overcome the problem arising from the various languages, translation has a very important role.

Translation will be very important thing to do if we get much information which is written in foreign language. Translation can open the information that early people knew nothing. Even, translation can omit the partition between countries, and means of cooperation, understanding and peace in the world. In addition, in

the modern century people  demand to be able to follow the development of the era.

Along with the growing need of the books from some fields such as science, technology, literature, etc, our country had  been flooded with foreign books, whether they are gifts, donations, or imported goods. Those books varied in language and form, range from popular knowledge text books to novels. There has been pro and contra about whether  Indonesian publishers need to translate  those books into our own language or let those books published in their original language and form. The pro-side claims that translation is indeed very important in helping the readers to understand the contents of the book since the text are presented in foreign language. On the other hand, the contra-side insists that translation can ruin the whole meaning and messages that the foreign authors try to convey in their writing.

Translating is not an easy task because each language has its own rules in phonetic, structure and words. In translating sometimes the translator finds some problems dealing with the equivalence that he/she could not find in the target language. One of translation problems is dealing with idiomatic expressions. Hornby (1995:589) asserts that “idiom is a phrase or sentence whose meaning is not clear from the meaning of its individual words and which must be learnt as a whole unit”. Idiomatic expressions are used in both oral and written language. In addition, they are used in informal situations such as in conversation with our friends.

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IMPROVING THE STUDENTS’ VOCABULARY MASTERY BY USING FRONTLOADING STRATEGY (action research)

IMPROVING THE STUDENTS’ VOCABULARY MASTERY BY USING FRONTLOADING STRATEGY (action research)

CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

A.    Background

Teaching English in our country has been developed extensively because English is an international language in the world. Therefore, Indonesian government has brought it as a local since at the elementary school. In teaching English vocabulary as an element or language is considered as the most important factor in increasing the mastered if the students are still lacking of vocabulary. Vocabulary is a part of language learning that need continuing growth and development by both native and non native speakers long after grammar and pronunciation elementary school until senior high Scholl. In language teaching preparation program in our country, more and attention being given to improve some technique for teaching vocabulary.

Learning vocabulary as a foreign language seems easy but some students feel fear. The teacher of

English should find out solution by crating efficient and effective technique of teaching in teaching English vocabulary, besides that, the teachers should establish condition which makes teaching vocabulary possible. The learning will occur within reasonable period of time.

Realizing how important the vocabulary and how difficult students to build up the teachers of English have provided students with rich exciting exercise which are expected to help vocabulary mush be very helpful to improve the students’ ability in English communication. Allen (1997:149) says that vocabulary is very important in a language, when we learn a language like English; we learn the words of language. Students must continue to learn words as they learn structure as they practice the target language. The vocabulary is needed very to master the four skills in English.

Through vocabulary, we convey our ideas, emotion, and efficiently. Without mastering it, people will not be able to use English effectively. In all language teaching, students must continually learn vocabulary as they learn structure (Allen 1997:149).

In fact, students’ mastery of English vocabulary is still lack. The students are also difficult to deliver their ideas because of their limitation of vocabulary. On the other hand, some students don’t have self-confidence speaking using that vocabulary. As consequence, students will be??????????????????

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