ERROR ANALYSIS OF COUNTABLE N UNCOUNTABLE NOUN IN WRITING

ERROR ANALYSIS OF COUNTABLE N UNCOUNTABLE NOUN IN WRITING

CHAPTER I

INTODUCTION

A.      Background

In Indonesia, English is taught in junior high schools and senior high schools, even in elementary school. Studying English is not a new thing for students of junior high schools. Although English is not a new thing for senior high school students, in fact, they still have many difficulties in studying English. As we know that English is not the Indonesian native language. It is difficult for the students to remember all the words in English and to understand when someone speaking English.

English has four skills; listening, reading, speaking, and writing. Language skills are defined into productive skill and receptive skill. Productive skills are; speaking and writing, whereas receptive skills are;

listening and reading. However, for the students the written one is the most difficult skill of language.  Writing itself as a productive skill is quite important in developing the students’ competence and performance of language.

In all subject in our life or in all profession, the ability to write or to express oneself clearly is essential basic for success (Adelstein and Vipal in Takko; 2009). But, the students in general still find that writing is quite difficult. Consequently, they are lack to mastery it.

Concerning to the problem above, so the teacher must be able to create the subject so that the students able to study writing easily. Besides, the kinds of?????????????

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IMPROVING THE STUDENTS’ READING COMPREHENSION THROUGH LISTEN-READ-DISCUSS (LRD) STRATEGY

IMPROVING THE STUDENTS’ READING COMPREHENSION THROUGH LISTEN-READ-DISCUSS (LRD) STRATEGY

CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

1.1  Background

In learning English, there are four skills we must study. They are listening, speaking, reading, and writing. The four skills mentioned are divided into receptive and productive skills. Speaking and writing are productive skills, while listening and reading are receptive skills. Beside the four language skills above, reading is of great importance to student show mother tongue is not English, because they almost do not have opportunity to hear or to speak that language. Comprehending English is a difficult thing for students if they

are does not have basic knowledge, especially in comprehending reading text.

Reading is one of the basic communicative skills, but it has very complex process. It can be said that, reading is a process in which reader finds information given by the writer in the written form. In this case, reading can be said as an interactive process, checks, and ask questions about what the text is about. Leonard (1961) states that reading involves nothing more than correlating sound image, that is ”spelling” while Robert Karim (1980) defines that reading is as a thinking process instructing the ideas of the authors.

             Reading comprehension is not just reading with a loud voice but reading is

Established to understand the meaning of word, sentences, and paragraph sense relationship among ideas as it is. If a student just reads loudly but can’t understand

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USING VISUAL DICTIONARY IN TEACHING VOCABULARY

USING  VISUAL DICTIONARY IN TEACHING VOCABULARY

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

 1.1 Background of the Study

In Indonesia, English is the first foreign language. English has a major position in Indonesian educational system. It is one of the compulsory subjects to be studied in junior and senior high school in today’s Indonesian curriculum. A large number of public and private universities and colleges realizing the demand of producing graduates mastering English. That’s why English is included as one of the subject to be taken in early semester of the study. More over, now there is a preference to teach English at Elementary

Schools even in kindergartens.

The students are expected to have skills of language in simple English with emphasis to have speaking skill using selected topics related to their environmental needs such as tourism industry. It is in line with the objectives of learning English at Elementary School as stated in the local content of teaching guidelines that one of the objectives of learning English at Elementary School is that the students are expected to have skills for listening, speaking, reading, and writing English with the emphasis on mastery of speaking skill for communication using selected topics related to the environmental needs such as tourism and business in Central Java Province.

Teaching children is not same as teaching adults because they have different characteristics and different motivations. In order to make English teaching successful, we have to consider some factors such as the quality of teacher, students’ interest and motivation, the book used and the others. All of them are involved in a teaching and learning process. In teaching English to children, a teacher plays an important role  because he has to give the very basic introduction of the first foreign language. He must be able to know the students’ interest and motivation in learning English. 

Vocabulary is a fundamental requirement that influence students’ achievement in studying English. Without vocabulary there is no communicate, read, and write can be conveyed. So that, it is important to know what the vocabulary is. As follow is the definition or concept of vocabulary by some experts.Good (1973:143) defines that vocabulary as the words having meaning when heard and seen even though not produce By the individual himself to communicate with others and the words are considered essential for minimal use a language.

Techniques are the tools of a teacher. An effective teacher has a multitude of technique and must be able to select the ones, which will be the most efficient in leading the learners to the desired terminal behavior. To reach the success in teaching and learning process, teacher needs some teaching media such as regalia, chart, picture, etc.

The writer believes that by using visual dictionary the students should find vocabulary learning both stimulating and enjoyable. By using visual dictionary, as means of teaching vocabulary, the students will be interested and more enthusiastic in learning vocabulary.  Learning in enhanced, and has more  meaning when students have direct experience beyond the textbook with the material studied. Direct experience not only make for better learning but can bring about much better teaching, because it may involve more work and planning.

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DANDAPATKAN REFERENSINYA DI SINI

THE IMPROVEMENT OF STUDENTS SPEAKING SKILL BY USING THINK-PAIR-SHARE

THE IMPROVEMENT OF STUDENTS SPEAKING SKILL BY USING THINK-PAIR-SHARE

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

A.Background

            Speaking skill is one of difficult activities in learning english. It is one form to get information through oral communication in the world. It is become more and more useful to everyone who wants to learn about english.

            In most conversation, the world flows  with just the least of mental urge. People think about what to say, who they are talking to, where they are, and they also need to know how many time they talk. So, focusing on their accuracy and fluency is the main learning process to get developing of  the students in their

speaking performance.

            Moreover, the student get optimal standard achievement in speaking because they do not know what their aims to speak english, the condition and situation in the classroom have not been desingned naturally for speaking, and the student still lack in use vocabulary, corret grammatical  and acceptable interaction. Therefore, the teacher must regart how the classroom  best be interaction should best be designed to cater the student communication need. In this case, cooperative learning methods in teaching have been conducted and the result showed that coperative learning can improvement. Overall findings suggest that a cross wide range of subject and ag group, cooperative learning method produce superior result compared the other teaching method as measured for variable such as achievement self esteem, liking school, inter group relation and the use of high level thinking. ( johnson & kangan, slavin,1985).

            Cooperative learning in TPS( Think-Pair-Share) is one of the methods of teaching in class. It is gives all the students opportunity to express their idea because from the three steps the studens are instructed with dest mate to solve the problem and improve the mental of the student to speak in front of their friends.

            Cooperative learning is one of teaching strategies in which the work together to reach a share goal within cooperative learning. The students maximize their own and each other learning. The students maximize their own and each other learning with members striving for join benefit. The condition and situation to speak accuracy will be natural and normal by posing them on maximal learning. All the same time, positive interdepent will be fostered. Since the teacher in cooperative learning may also have function as communicator or participant, his language use will become the model for the students in terms of using correct pronounciation, this what the students need, because they can feel to express them selve and participant to improve their speaking accuracy.

Many technique and method had been conducted by the teacher, but it can not develop the students speaking proficiency therefore the writer tries one technique namely cooperative learning by use TPS method because the writer assumes that teaching speaking under cooperative learning namely TPS method can develop their knowledge and student can improve the mental of the student to speak in front of their friends.

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DANDAPATKAN REFERENSINYA DI SINI

IMPROVING THE STUDENTS’ ABILITY TO WRITE NARRATIVE PARAGRAPH THROUGH INTRAPERSONAL INTELLIGENCE STRATEGY

IMPROVING THE STUDENTS’ ABILITY TO WRITE NARRATIVE PARAGRAPH THROUGH INTRAPERSONAL INTELLIGENCE STRATEGY

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

A.    Background

English is the first foreign language in our country, which is taught from Elementary up to University level. English is also intensively used in the international language, in written as well as in spoken language. In addition, many books of science, technology, art and other published issues are written in English.

In English language, there are integrated skills to be mastered such as: Speaking, listening, reading, and Writing. Jhon Haycraft (1978:8) states that there are various skills in mastering of language: respective skill, listening (understanding the spoken language), reading (understanding the written language), and

productive skills speaking and writing.

Keraf, Gorys (2001:136) states that “Narrative as a story tells or describes an action in the past time clearly, so narrative is tried to answer the question: what had happened.

Narrative as a story, so it should have the element that can make story more interesting to the reader such as a conflict and conclusion of the story.The students must have good communication in???????????

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