IMPROVING STUDENTS’ SPEAKING ACHIEVEMENT BY USING CROSS TALK IN EIGHTH YEAR STUDENTS’

IMPROVING STUDENTS’ SPEAKING ACHIEVEMENT BY USING CROSS TALK IN EIGHTH YEAR STUDENTS’

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

Following discusses about the background of the study, formulation of the research problem, the purpose of the study, significance of the study, definition of key term, and the organization of the study.

A.  Background of the Study

There  are  four  major  skills  to  be  competent  in  a  language.  They  are listening, speaking, writing, and reading (Johnson,2013:269). In studying English students need to understand how to use the language. To achieve this aim, teacher should apply his or her teaching directly towards the development of the students’ competence  in  all  language  skills  in  a  meaningful  context.  This  means  that English  should  be  taught  side  by  side  with  the  appropriate  vocabulary  and grammar as well as pronunciation and spelling.

Speaking is one of English skill to communicate with others. Speaking is very  important  to  people  especially  for  students.  It  is  an  important  element  of communication.  According  to  Brown  (2010:140),  speaking  is  a  productive  skill that  can  be  directly  and  empirically  observed.  There  are  five  components  that should  be  mastered  by  the  students  in  order  to  be  good  in  speaking.  There  are fluency,  pronunciation,  comprehension,  vocabulary  and  grammar (Brown,2010:172-173).  In  addition,  speaking  is  one  of  skill  that  is  important  in???????

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TEACHING VOCABULARY TROUGH WORD SEARCH PUZZLE TO THE FIFTH GRADE STUDENTS

TEACHING VOCABULARY TROUGH WORD SEARCH PUZZLE TO THE FIFTH GRADE STUDENTS

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

This chapter presents some aspects that underline the topic of the research, they  are;  background  of  the  research,  research  problem,  research  hyphothesis, significant of research, scope and limitation of the research, and definition of key terms. 

A. Background of the Research

A  language  is  considered  to  be  a  system  of  communicating  with  other people  using  sounds,  symbols  and  words  in  expressing  a  meaning,  idea  or thought.  This  language  can  be used  in  many  forms,  primarily  through  oral  and written communications as well as using expressions through body language.

Language may refer either to the specifically human capacity for acquiring and using complex systems of communication, or to a specific instance of such a system of complex communication.

According  to  Brown,  (2007:384),  language  is  a  systematic  means  of communicating  ideas  or  feelings  by  the  use  of  conventionalized  signs,  sounds, gestures, or marks having understood meanings.

Language  is  a  complex,  specialized  skill,  which  develops  in  the  child spontaneously, without conscious effort or formal instruction, is deployed without awareness  of  its  underlying  logic,  is  qualitatively  the  same  in  every  individual???????

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THE PROBLEMS IN DOING PRESENTATION FACED BY THE ENGLISH DEPARTMENT STUDENTS

THE PROBLEMS IN DOING PRESENTATION FACED BY THE ENGLISH DEPARTMENT STUDENTS

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

This  chapter  presents  background  of  the  research,  statement  of research  problems,  objectives  of  the  research,  significance  of  the  research, scope  and  limitation  of  the  research,  definition  of  key  terms  and organization  of the  research.  

A.  Background  of The Research

English  is  one  of  languages  which  is  known  and  used  by  most people  in  the  world  either  as  the  first  (the  native  language),  the  second  (the language  which  is  used  after  the first  language  such  as  Indonesia  which  is spoken  by  Javanese),  or  foreign  language  (the  language  that  used  not  as  first or second  language).

Learning  language  is  the  most  important  thing  for  social development  and  it  builds  an  individual  personality.  As  language  that  used by  more  a  half  people  in  the  world,  English  plays  as  international  language for  everything  necessary.  Besides,  it  plays  as  science  language,  technology and  art.  It  can  be  a  tool  to  reach  the  goal  in  economic,  trade,  international relationship,  social,  culture  and education.  

English  learners  in  Indonesia  is  not  only  learning  how  to  speak,  but they  also  learn  how  to  use  language  in  every  aspect  of  skill.  There  are  two types  of  communication,  spoken  and  written  language.  Spoken  language  is verbal  communication  skill  needed  to  understand  (listen)  and  to  use  or???????

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THE USE OF SYNTACTIC STRUCTURES IN THE JAKARTA POST BREAKING NEWS

THE USE OF SYNTACTIC STRUCTURES IN THE JAKARTA POST BREAKING NEWS

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

The discussion in this chapter include background of the research, research problems,  objectives  of  the  research,  significances  of  the  research,  scope  and limitation of the research, and definitions of the key terms.

A.    Background of the Research

Human activities and interactions can’t be separated from language. We use language in communication to give and get information. Language has an important role in the society, Soeparno (2002:5) stated that there is no society without any language and there is no any language without society. That’s why we need to master language to keep communication with others. Many experts have  discussed  and  explained  their  finding  about  human  language.  A  study which  scientifically  discusses  about  human  language  then  what  we  call linguistics.

Linguistics as a scientific study has a large range of discussion. Based on the object of discussion, linguistics can be broadly broken into two categories or  subfields  of  study:  micro  linguistics  and  macro  linguistics.  According  to Soeparno (2002:21) micro linguistics is the study about language itself without any relation with other study. It focuses on internal language structure. Micro linguistics  itself  has  some  subdivision,  they  are  Phonology,  Morphology, Syntax, Semantics, and Lexicology. While macro linguistics is the study about????????

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IMPROVING STUDENTS’ ABILITY IN WRITING RECOUNT TEXT THROUGH PROCESS-GENRE BASED APPROACH

IMPROVING STUDENTS’ ABILITY IN WRITING RECOUNT TEXT THROUGH PROCESS-GENRE BASED APPROACH

CHAPTER I

INTRODUCTION

This  chapter  discusses  some  points  including  background  of  the  study, formulation of the research problem, the purpose of the study, significance of the study, definition of key terms, and organization of the study.

A. Background of the Study

Language  is  a  means  of  communication  between members  of  society.  In Indonesia,  the  official language  is Bahasa  Indonesia.  But  now  days,  in  order  to ace  and  to  compete  in  the globalization  era,  Indonesia  needs  an  International language. There are several international languages in the world and one of them is English.

English  is  very  important  language  in  the  world,  because  it  should  be realized  that  English  as  an  international  language  plays  important  roles  in  some aspects of human life. Learning English means learning its two aspects: skill and component  (Heaton,  1991:3).  Four  major  skills  through  language  are  listening, speaking,  reading  and  writing;  while  English  components  are  phonology, vocabulary, and grammar.

According  to Langan (2006:  13) writing is  a  skill  like  driving,  typing or cooking,  and  like  any  skill,  it  can  be  learned.  Writing  is  a  basic  skill  that  is necessary  for  success  on  the  real  world.  Having  ability  to  write  well  is  really??????????

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